UNIT G: SHADOW CITIES


Unit G is a design studio with narrative and experimentation at its core, standing at the crossroads of architecture, politics, and social justice. Championing iterative design, Unit G projects aim to push pushes the boundaries of architectural imagination.

Cities are more than just architecture; they are living chronicles of power dynamics, historic legacies, and intricate social hierarchies. Within daily life, the true shaping forces of a city’s narrative often go unacknowledged. Observing a place beyond preconceptions reveals how privilege, gender, race, and culture can either shield or expose diverse stories. While cities are celebrated as melting pots of diversity, certain stories are amplified while others are muted. The questions arise: Who decides the story and identity of a city? Whose story is told, and who is left in the shadows?

Unit G challenges this narrative hierarchy by delving into the ‘shadow city’, confronting essential yet uncomfortable truths. From the remnants of colonialism to the impacts of racial and economic divides, these elements sculpt our urban landscapes. Liverpool, a busy, complex, and vibrant city echoing with the reverberations of the transatlantic slave trade, serves as the site of exploration. Navigating such histories involves not just acknowledgment but active addressing. Through architecture, overlooked and forgotten communities are brought out of the shadows and into the light. Established structures, both physical and social, are dissected with a critical lens, advocating for justice, representation, and inclusivity in design.

  • Ayanna Blair-Ford Toby Smith Remi Kuforiji Justin Chapman

  • Matthew Bolton

  • Charlie Bright, Teddy Bruce, Andrew Dobbie, Javier Garcia Goicoechea, Madeleine Hunt, Lydia Koupegkou, Jessica Lewis, Anastasiia Marchenko, Benjamin Naish, Abina Nurse, Victoria Raptis, Wafa Ahmed, Shane Beaney, Tom Bishop, Danica Dsouza, Adiba Hossain, Moe Javaheri, Jasmine Kirker, Wanjiru Njenga, Sara Pohjola, Ming Wu

From Death Comes Life - The Quarried Cemetery

Benjamin Naish

The project roots itself in the remembrance of a dark past, highlighting the interconnected histories of Liverpool, Ireland, the Caribbean, and the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. Viewing the site as a burial ground of this past allows for a narrative that uncovers the memory embedded in the site. This cemetery aims to challenge the status quo of UK cemeteries, transforming what is traditionally a place of mourning and sorrow into a space for celebration and cultural reflection.

Liverpool's historical ties to the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade, coupled with its significant Irish and Caribbean populations, create a unique context for this project. The cemetery seeks to honour and reflect on these intertwined histories, serving as a poignant reminder of the past while fostering a sense of community and cultural pride. By integrating spiritual and folk traditions from both Irish and Caribbean heritages, the cemetery fosters a sense of unity and shared history.

Taking an experimental approach, the design is heavily informed by the Nine Nights funeral celebration, a Caribbean tradition that embodies community, memory, and celebration. Nine Nights, also known as Dead Yard, is a ritual in which family and friends gather for nine nights of singing, dancing, and storytelling to honour the deceased. This vibrant, communal celebration contrasts sharply with the sombre tone of traditional Western funerals, offering a rich source of inspiration for reimagining the cemetery space.

Incorporating elements of Nine Nights into the design, the cemetery will feature spaces for music, dance, and communal gatherings. Areas designated for storytelling and remembrance will invite visitors to share and celebrate the lives of those who have passed. This approach not only pays homage to Caribbean cultural practices but also introduces a dynamic, inclusive, and celebratory model for funerals in the UK.

The cemetery will also draw on Irish funeral traditions, which similarly emphasise community and remembrance. Traditional Irish wakes, known for their lively storytelling and communal support, align with the ethos of Nine Nights. By weaving together these traditions, the cemetery will create a space that celebrates life, community, and shared heritage.

The project aims to remind these communities of their roots through the revival of funeral traditions, celebration, and dance, acting as a beacon for Irish and Caribbean communities in Liverpool. The design will feature a series of interconnected spaces that reflect the stages of Nine Nights and Irish wakes, creating a journey through memory, celebration, and reflection. Gardens, performance areas, and memorial structures will be integrated to provide a versatile and meaningful environment for various forms of remembrance and celebration.

By adopting this innovative approach, the cemetery aims to redefine how we perceive and experience burial grounds. It will transform them from places of mourning into spaces of cultural expression, community connection, and historical acknowledgment. The project aspires to leave a lasting impact on society by altering the traditional narrative of cemeteries within the UK, showcasing how embracing diverse cultural practices can enrich our understanding of life and death.

This cemetery project in Liverpool stands as a testament to the power of cultural memory and community celebration. By intertwining the rich traditions of Irish and Caribbean funeral practices, it creates a unique and transformative space that honours the past while celebrating the vibrant cultures that shape the present. This experimental approach not only redefines the concept of a cemetery but also serves as a beacon of unity and cultural pride for the Irish and Caribbean communities in Liverpool.

Ben’s project ‘The Quarried Cemetery’ is an exciting proposal that seeks to cater to underserved Irish and Caribbean communities in Liverpool, reviving existing and lost spiritual practices and traditions surrounding celebrating someones life. The project’s roots lie in remembering the dark past and interconnection between these communities, Liverpool and the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade.

"Caribbean Haven"

Lydia Koupegkou

In the vibrant heart of Liverpool lies a project inspired by history, culture, and an unyielding spirit of resilience. This initiative, deeply rooted in the legacy of the old Merseyside Caribbean Carnival, aims to revive and celebrate Caribbean heritage that has long been a whisper in the streets of Liverpool. Once a pulsating celebration of Caribbean culture, the carnival now lingers only in memories, lost to time and circumstance.


Liverpool, a city steeped in the legacy of the transatlantic slave trade, owes a profound debt of recognition to the Caribbean community whose contributions and struggles are woven into its very fabric. Just as in London and Bristol, where similar narratives unfold, the resurgence of the Caribbean spirit demands a platform - a carnival reborn. This project is not just about architecture; it's about cultural revival and reclaiming space to honour heritage and foster community cohesion.

The project's core is to breathe life back into Liverpool's streets, infusing the urban landscape with the vivid hues of Caribbean culture, music, and soul. It aims to reshape Liverpool, not merely as a physical endeavour but as a cultural renaissance.

The architectural strategy revolves around creating a building designed specifically for the preparation of the Caribbean carnival. The building is divided into sections that follow the preparation cycle of the carnival. These sections include:

1. Brainstorming Section: This area houses offices where logistical planning takes place, and themes for the carnival are decided. It is a hub of creative and strategic thinking.

2. Design Section: A design studio dedicated to crafting costumes and sculptures. This space allows artists and designers to bring their vibrant ideas to life, ensuring that each element of the carnival is a work of art.

3. Fabrication Section: Here, carnival trucks are decorated and mounted with sound systems, and costumes are produced. This section is the heart of the physical creation, where the visions from the design section become tangible.

4. Rehearsal Section: A space for dancers to practice their routines, ensuring that performances are polished and ready. This section is crucial for perfecting the choreography and synchronisation needed for the parade.

5. Launch Section: The final assembly point where all elements come together. Dancers in their costumes join the decorated trucks, large sculptures, and stilt-walkers, exiting the site to launch the parade and reveal the costumes, starting the party in grand style.

This project is a proclamation of solidarity and celebration, aiming to bring the Caribbean spirit alive and thriving in Liverpool. It is a beacon of hope and celebration for generations to come, transforming Liverpool into a vibrant canvas pulsating with Caribbean rhythms. The sustainability credentials of the project are embedded in its core, focusing on community engagement, cultural preservation, and environmental responsibility, ensuring that the revived carnival not only honours the past but also paves the way for a sustainable and inclusive future.

Lydia’s project revives the forgotten Merseyside Caribbean Carnival, celebrating Liverpool’s Caribbean community. By designing a carnival center for creating, developing, and performing the annual event, this project goes beyond architecture—it’s a cultural revival. It reclaims space, honours heritage, and fosters community cohesion, transforming Liverpool into a vibrant canvas pulsing with Caribbean rhythms and joy.

The Bubble

Shane Beaney

Converting an abandoned and unloved part of Liverpool into a clean space which aims to improve the livelihood of the Refuse Workers who ensure the city stays clean. This project does this by providing an unusually tall carwash which can wash refuse lorries as well as cars to allow the workers to enjoy a clean vehicle to help battle the rubbish they are left surrounded by. This is combined with a nightclub which focuses on surrounding clubbers, who are creating the majority of the mess in the area, with their own rubbish in an attempt to change how they perceive mess and spread awareness of this growing problem. The projects ETFE structure also allows heat to be retained inside the building to keep refuse workers warm as they drive through the carwash within the night club, this material also ensures that air can be passed through easily if the space gets too hot with the large amounts of people in the club as EFTE can be deflated to allow this heat escape.

“The Bubble,” is a creative and dynamic initiative dedicated to giving back to essential workers, specifically refuse workers. The Bubble functions as a car wash, nightclub, radio station, and social space, catering to refuse workers at the beginning and end of their shifts. It uses the nightclub to create a warm and inviting social environment, while the car wash service ensures a cleaner and more sustainable working environment. This innovative project is driven by the various processes involved and focuses on enhancing the user experience, offering a unique blend of functionality and enjoyment for refuse workers.
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